北京市老年人权益保障条例
北京市人大常委会
北京市老年人权益保障条例
市人大常委会
1995年9月22日北京市第十届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十次会议通过
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了保障老年人的合法权益，弘扬中华民族敬老、养老的传统美德，根据宪法和有关法律，结合本市实际情况，制定本条例。
第二条 本条例所称的老年人是指60周岁以上的公民。
第三条 老年人在政治、经济、文化、社会和家庭生活等方面的合法权益受法律保护，任何单位和个人不得侵犯。
禁止侮辱、诽谤、殴打、虐待和遗弃老年人。
第四条 各级人民政府应当将老龄事业纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，使老龄事业与经济、社会协调发展。
第五条 市人民政府老龄工作领导小组负责对本市老龄事业发展中的重大问题进行调查研究，协调解决需要由有关部门共同参与解决的综合性问题，监督、检查有关维护老年人合法权益的法律、法规的实施。其办事机构设在市老龄协会。
各区、县人民政府老龄工作机构的设置，参照前款规定。
第六条 保障老年人合法权益是全社会的共同责任。
本市国家机关、社会团体、企业事业单位应当按照各自的职责，做好老年人合法权益的保障工作。
居民委员会、村民委员会和基层老年人群众组织应当反映老年人的要求，维护老年人的合法权益，热心为老年人服务。
第七条 全社会要广泛开展敬老、养老宣传教育活动，提倡尊重、关心、帮助老年人的社会风尚。
青少年组织、学校和幼儿园应当对青少年和儿童进行孝敬父母、敬老养老的道德教育和法制教育。
第八条 各级人民政府对保护老年人合法权益和敬老、养老成绩显著的单位、家庭和个人以及在从事社会劳动和公益事业中做出突出贡献的老年人予以表彰和奖励。
第九条 每年农历九月初九重阳节为本市敬老日。
第二章 家庭保障
第十条 老年人在家庭生活中依法享有受赡养扶助的权利。
赡养人必须履行对老年人经济供养、生活照料和精神慰藉的义务，保障老年人的生活标准不低于家庭其他成员，并照顾老年人的特殊需要。
赡养人不得强行将有配偶的老年人分开赡养，不得以放弃继承权或者其他理由，拒绝履行赡养义务；不得要求老年人承担力不能及的劳动。
赡养人与老年人不在一起生活的，应当对老年人的生活给予妥善安排。
第十一条 赡养人有义务耕种、照管老年人的口粮田、自留地、林木和牲畜等，收益由老年人支配。
第十二条 赡养人对患病的老年人有提供医疗费用和护理的义务。
第十三条 老年人可以与赡养人就如何履行赡养义务签订协议，居民委员会、村民委员会和基层老年人群众组织监督协议的执行。
第十四条 老年人的婚姻自由受法律保护。子女或者其他亲属对老年人再婚不得阻止和歧视，不得干涉老年人再婚后的家庭生活和对自有财产的处置。
第十五条 老年人的房产权、房屋租赁权和居住权受法律保护。
产权属于老年人的房屋，未经老年人同意或者授权，子女或者其他亲属不得强占、出卖、出租、转让或者拆除。经老年人同意由子女或者其他亲属出资翻建的，应当明确老年人享有的产权和居住权。
老年人承租的住房，子女或者其他亲属不得挤占，不得擅自改变租赁关系。
第十六条 老年人的财产依法由老年人自主支配，子女或者其他亲属不得向老年人强行索取。
第十七条 老年人有依法继承配偶、父母、子女及其他亲属的遗产和接受遗赠的权利。
第三章 社会保障
第十八条 本市逐步完善职工养老保险制度，保障老年人的基本生活。
第十九条 市人民政府应当逐步完善离退休人员基本养老金的正常调整制度，根据本市经济发展和职工工资增长情况，调整基本养老金。
第二十条 有关部门和单位应当按时支付老年人依法享有的养老金和各项补贴，不得拖延、克扣和挪用。
第二十一条 参加养老保险社会统筹和大病医疗费用社会统筹的企业，在亏损或者破产后，应当依法缴纳或者清偿社会保险费用。其退休老年人的基本养老保险待遇和患大病的医疗费用，由社会保险部门按规定予以支付。
第二十二条 本市农村逐步推行社会养老保险制度，保障与改善农村老年人的生活。
第二十三条 农村的老年人，无劳动能力、无生活来源、无法定扶养义务人或者虽有法定扶养义务人但无扶养能力的，在吃、穿、住、医、葬方面，由乡、镇人民政府负责组织实行五保供养。
城市的老年人，无劳动能力、无生活来源、无法定扶养义务人或者虽有法定扶养义务人但无扶养能力的，由当地人民政府按照规定的标准给予社会救济。
第二十四条 本市改革和完善社会医疗保险制度，逐步形成完整的医疗保障体系。各单位应当依照有关规定参加医疗保险，保证老年人按规定享受的医疗待遇。
第二十五条 各级医疗卫生部门应当为老年人就医提供方便，实行老年人就医优先的制度，并开展老年病防治的医学科学研究。各级医疗单位应当逐步设立老年病门诊、家庭病床，为行动不便的老年人提供必要的医疗服务。
各级卫生行政部门应当采取措施，有计划地设立老年病医院、老年医疗康复中心以及其他形式的老年医疗保健机构。
第二十六条 各级卫生、体育部门，应当加强老年人自我保健和疾病防治的健康教育，支持老年人建立群众性的健身组织，广泛开展老年人健身活动。
第二十七条 各级人民政府和有关单位以及社会组织应当重视发挥老年人的专长和作用。
各级劳动、人事部门应当开展老年人社会劳动咨询服务、老年人人才开发等工作，为老年人参与社会劳动提供方便。
老年人从事社会劳动和公益事业的合法收入受法律保护。
第二十八条 对老年人兴办的社会公益事业和以积累老年福利基金为目的的生产经营企业，政府应当给予支持和帮助。
第二十九条 本市鼓励和支持兴办各类老年学校，为老年人参加学习创造条件。
第三十条 各有关部门和单位应当积极组织和支持老年人开展群众性文化、娱乐、体育活动。
文化、娱乐、体育和其他公共场所的管理部门和经营单位应当为老年人开展活动提供优惠服务。
第三十一条 报刊、广播、电视、电影等部门，应当积极宣传敬老、养老的传统美德，反映老年人的生活，批评侵犯老年人合法权益的行为。
第三十二条 各级人民政府应当逐步增加对老年人福利事业的投入，依照规定多种渠道筹集资金，兴办敬老院、抚老所、福利院、老年公寓等福利设施，并加强管理。
第三十三条 社区服务中心应当设置适应老年人需要的生活服务、疾病护理等服务项目。
鼓励和提倡社会组织和个人为老年人义务服务。
第三十四条 规划、设计、建设部门，在规划、设计和建设城乡公共设施和居住区时，应当根据老年人的特殊需要，安排和建设老年人生活服务设施和活动场所。
第三十五条 铁路、交通、民航等运输部门应当为老年人乘车、乘船、乘机提供方便。
第三十六条 法律咨询、服务机构和法律工作者，应当为维护老年人合法权益提供及时的服务。
经济上有困难的老年人在需要法律服务时，有依法获得社会法律援助的权利。
第三十七条 本市对七十周岁以上的高龄老年人实行社会敬老优待服务，具体办法由市人民政府制定。
第四章 法律责任
第三十八条 老年人的合法权益受到侵害，被侵害人或者其代理人有权要求有关部门予以处理，或者依法向人民法院提起诉讼。
第三十九条 老年人的合法权益受到侵害，被侵害人或者其代理人可以向本市各级老龄工作机构投诉，各级老龄工作机构应当要求有关部门或者单位查处。
第四十条 赡养人不履行赡养义务的，由乡、镇人民政府、街道办事处或者赡养人所在单位给予批评教育，限期改正。逾期不改的，乡、镇人民政府、街道办事处或者赡养人所在单位可以支持被赡养人或者其代理人依法向人民法院提起诉讼。
第四十一条 对不履行保护老年人合法权益职责的部门和单位，由其上级主管部门给予批评教育，责令改正。
国家工作人员因失职致使老年人合法权益受到损害的，由其所在单位或者上级机关责令改正，或者给予处分。
第四十二条 侵害老年人的房屋、储蓄、收入、生产资料等合法财产和知识产权的，依法承担民事责任。
第四十三条 侵犯老年人合法权益，违反治安管理的，由公安机关依照治安管理处罚条例处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第五章 附 则
第四十四条 本条例具体应用中的问题由市人民政府负责解释。
第四十五条 本条例自1996年1月1日起施行。
1995年9月22日
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON CONTROL OF THE ENTRY AND EXIT OF ALIENS ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON CONTROL OF THE ENTRY AND EXIT OF ALIENS
(Adopted at the 13th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 31 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on November 22, 1985, and
effective as of February 1, 1986)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Entry into the Country
Chapter III Residence
Chapter IV Travel
Chapter V Exit from the Country
Chapter VI Administrative Organs
Chapter VII Penalties
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to safeguarding the sovereignty of the
People's Republic of China, maintaining its security and public order and
facilitating international exchange.
This Law is applicable to aliens entering, leaving and transiting the
territory of the People's Republic of China and to those residing and
travelling in China.
Article 2
Aliens must obtain the permission of the competent authorities of the
Chinese Government in order to enter, transit or reside in China.
Article 3
For entry, exit and transit, aliens must pass through ports open to aliens
or other designated ports and must be subject to inspection by the
frontier inspection offices. For entry, exit and transit, foreign-owned
means of transport must pass through ports open to aliens or other
designated ports and must be subject to inspection and supervision by the
frontier inspection offices.
Article 4
The Chinese Government shall protect the lawful rights and interests of
aliens on Chinese territory.
Freedom of the person of aliens is inviolable. No alien may be arrested
except with the approval or by decision of a people's procuratorate or by
decision of a people's court, and arrest must be made by a public security
organ or state security organ.
Article 5
Aliens in China must abide by Chinese laws and may not endanger the state
security of China, harm public interests or disrupt public order.
Chapter II Entry into the Country
Article 6
For entry into China, aliens shall apply for visas from Chinese diplomatic
missions, consular offices or other resident agencies abroad authorized by
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In specific situations aliens may, in
compliance with the provisions of the State Council, apply for visas to
visa-granting offices at ports designated by the competent authorities of
the Chinese Government.
The entry of nationals from countries having visa agreements with the
Chinese Government shall be handled in accordance with those agreements.
In cases where another country has special provisions for Chinese citizens
entering and transiting that country, the competent authorities of the
Chinese Government may adopt reciprocal measures contingent on the
circumstances.
Visas are not required for aliens in immediate transit on connected
international flights who hold passenger tickets and stay for no more than
24 hours in China entirely within airport boundaries. Anyone desiring to
leave the airport temporarily must obtain permission from the frontier
inspection office.
Article 7
When applying for various kinds of visas, aliens shall present valid
passports and, if necessary, provide pertinent evidence.
Article 8
Aliens who have been invited or hired to work in China shall, when
applying for visas, produce evidence of the invitation or employment.
Article 9
Aliens desiring to reside permanently in China shall, when applying for
visas, present status-of-residence identification forms. Applicants may
obtain such forms from public security organs at the place where they
intend to reside.
Article 10
The competent authorities of the Chinese Government shall issue
appropriate visas to aliens according to the purposes stated in their
entry applications.
Article 11
When an aircraft or a vessel navigating international routes arrives at a
Chinese port, the captain or his agent must submit a passenger name list
to the frontier inspection office; a foreign aircraft or vessel must also
provide a name list of its crew members.
Article 12
Aliens who are considered a possible threat to China's state security and
public order shall not be permitted to enter China.
Chapter III Residence
Article 13
For residence in China, aliens must possess identification papers or
residence certificates issued by the competent authorizes of the Chinese
Government. The term of validity of identification papers or residence
certificates shall be determined according to the purposes of entry.
Aliens residing in China shall submit their certificates to the local
public security organs for examination within the prescribed period of
time.
Article 14
Aliens who, in compliance with Chinese laws, find it necessary to
establish prolonged residence in China for the purpose of investing in
China or engaging in cooperative projects with Chinese enterprises or
institutions in the economic, scientific, technological and cultural
fields, or for other purposes, are eligible for prolonged or permanent
residence in China upon approval by the competent authorities of the
Chinese Government.
Article 15
Aliens who seek asylum for political reasons shall be permitted to reside
in China upon approval by the competent authorities of the Chinese
Government.
Article 16
Aliens who fail to abide by Chinese laws may have their period of stay in
China curtailed or their status of residence in China annulled by the
competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Article 17
For a temporary overnight stay in China, aliens shall complete
registration procedures pursuant to the relevant provisions.
Article 18
Aliens holding residence certificates who wish to change their place of
residence in China must complete removal formalities pursuant to the
relevant provisions.
Article 19
Aliens who have not acquired residence certificates or who are on a study
programme in China may not seek employment in China without permission of
the competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Chapter IV Travel
Article 20
Aliens who hold valid visas or residence certificates may travel to places
open to aliens as designated by the Chinese Government.
Article 21
Aliens desiring to travel to places closed to aliens must apply to local
public security organs for travel permits.
Chapter V Exit from the Country
Article 22
For exit from China, aliens shall present their valid passports or other
valid certificates.
Article 23
Aliens belonging to any of the following categories shall not be allowed
to leave China:
(1) defendants in criminal cases or criminal suspects confirmed by a
public security organ, a people's procuratorate or a people's court;
(2) persons who, as notified by a people's court, shall be denied exit
owing to involvement in unresolved civil cases; and
(3) persons who have committed other acts in violation of Chinese law who
have not been dealt with and against whom the competent authorities
consider it necessary to institute prosecution.
Article 24
Frontier inspection offices shall have the power to stop aliens belonging
to any of the following categories from leaving the country and to deal
with them according to law:
(1) holders of invalid exit certificates;
(2) holders of exit certificates other than their own; and
(3) holders of forged or altered exit certificates.
Chapter VI Administrative Organs
Article 25
China's diplomatic missions, consular offices and other resident agencies
abroad authorized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall be the Chinese
Government's agencies abroad to handle aliens' applications for entry and
transit.
The Ministry of Public Security, its authorized local public security
organs, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its authorized local foreign
affairs departments shall be the Chinese Government's agencies in China to
handle aliens' applications for entry, transit, residence and travel.
Article 26
The authorities handling aliens' applications for entry, transit,
residence and travel shall have the power to refuse to issue visas and
certificates or to cancel visas and certificates already issued or declare
them invalid.
The Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs may,
when necessary, alter decisions made by their respectively authorized
agencies.
Article 27
An alien who enters or resides in China illegally may be detained for
examination or be subjected to residential surveillance or deportation by
a public security organ at or above the county level.
Article 28
While performing their duties, foreign affairs police of the public
security organs at or above the county level shall have the power to
examine the passports and other certificates of aliens. When conducting
such examinations, the foreign affairs police shall produce their own
service certificates, and relevant organizations or individuals shall have
the duty to offer them assistance.
Chapter VII Penalties
Article 29
If a person, in violation of the provisions of this Law, enters or leaves
China illegally, establishes illegal residence or makes an illegal
stopover in China, travels to places closed to aliens without a valid
travel document, forges or alters an entry or exit certificate, uses
another person's certificate as his own or transfers his certificate, he
may be penalized by a public security organ at or above the county level
with a warning, a fine or detention for not more than ten days. If the
circumstances of the case are serious enough to constitute a crime,
criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the law.
If an alien subject to a fine or detention by a public security organ
refuses to accept the penalty, he may, within 15 days of receiving
notification, appeal to the public security organ at the next higher
level, which shall make the final decision; he may also directly file suit
in the local people's court.
Article 30
In cases where a person commits any of the acts stated in Article 29 of
this Law, if the circumstances are serious, the Ministry of Public
Security may impose a penalty by ordering him to leave the country within
a certain time or may expel him from the country.
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 31
For the purposes of this Law the term "alien" means any person not holding
Chinese nationality according to the Nationality Law of the People's
Republic of China.
Article 32
Transistory entry into and exit from China by aliens who are nationals of
a country adjacent to China and who reside in areas bordering on China
shall be handled according to any relevant agreements between the two
countries or, in the absence of such agreements, according to the relevant
provisions of the Chinese Government.
Article 33
The Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall,
pursuant to this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which shall
go into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 34
Affairs concerning members of foreign diplomatic missions and consular
offices in the People's Republic of China and other aliens who enjoy
diplomatic privileges and immunities, after their entry into China, shall
be administered in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State
Council and its competent departments.
Article 35
This Law shall go into effect on February 1, 1986.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.